How to Build a Tiny House: A Step-By-Step List, Plus 6 Success Stories

Tiny houses are cute, they’re affordable, they’re trendy — what’s not to love? Many of today’s homeowners seem to be redefining the American Dream by minimizing belongings in order to increase their quality of life. Without a doubt, tiny homes are on the rise, with a projected $3.57 billion market increase between 2021 and 2026.

Tiny homes are generally defined as a dwelling between 100 and 400 square feet, though the specifics can vary from house to house. Tiny homes may be stationary or moveable (distinguished by the abbreviation OW, or “on wheels”). Some include simple, minimalistic finishing choices, while others feature a few luxuries, such as screened porches or jetted tubs.

Is building a tiny home the right choice for you? To learn more about tiny home builds, we talked to six tiny homeowners across the country — including Maura Allard, an expert real estate agent and tiny homeowner. Allard assures potential tiny homebuyers and builders that the market is growing for these types of properties: “They’re selling like hotcakes.” In fact, tiny homes are also a great choice for investors, as she’s found out firsthand.

These six homeowners have shared all the details; from motivation to finances and pitfalls to benefits. Take it from them: tiny homes are awesome — but building one may not be as easy as it seems. If you’re considering a tiny house, a peek into their stories may help determine if building a tiny home is right for you.

But first, let’s run through a checklist of what it actually takes to build a tiny house.

How to build a tiny house, step by step

Building a tiny house might be a simpler undertaking than building a new single-family home, but it’s a process nonetheless. Here’s what you’ll need to consider:

Step 1: Plan your tiny house

• First things first — should your tiny home be mobile or stationary? This will determine whether you build it on a foundation or a trailer.
• If you build on a trailer, you’ll need to assess how much the home will weigh and what kind of trailer can support your project.
• Where will you build the home? Whether it’s on a foundation or a trailer, you’ll need a place to do the work. This may involve consideration of building codes or other construction permits.
• You’ll need to give thought to design and space. Your tiny home can (and should!) be more than just four walls and a roof — consider which design elements are important to you, and then prioritize accordingly.
• Don’t forget about access to utilities. How will electricity and water reach your tiny house, especially if it’s going to be mobile?
• And of course, you’ll need to consider your budget. While it may be easier to save up for a tiny house than a more traditional property, you’ll want to assign a realistic dollar amount to your plans. As of 2021, the average cost of a tiny house in the United States is about $52,000 — and this figure can certainly go up or down depending on your lifestyle and preferences.

Step 2: Design your tiny house

You might DIY your tiny house plans, or perhaps you’d prefer to purchase plans from an online company. TinyHousePlans.com is a great resource, as is The House Plan Shop.

Another option is to buy an RV and convert it to a tiny house. If you’re planning a tiny house on wheels anyway, this could be a great alternative to starting from scratch.

Step 3: Figure out the financing

If you’ll pay cash for the construction of your tiny house, then this part won’t be a concern. But if you’ll need to finance your project, now is a good time to speak with a lender. Not all mortgage lenders will finance a tiny house, so if you’re happy with your current bank or credit union, a local representative may be the best place to start asking questions.

Step 4: Start downsizing

If you’re in a traditionally sized home now and you’re planning to make your tiny house your primary residence, you’ll probably need to downsize. Start going through your belongings and selling, donating, recycling, or throwing out anything you won’t be taking with you. Remember that the more preparations you make in advance, the less unpleasant your actual move will be!

Step 5: Find your materials

Your materials may differ depending on the type of tiny house you’re going to build — and the plan you’re using to build it — but you’re going to need some array of material nonetheless.

“Once I found the perfect trailer for my tiny house, I began the framing process,” says tiny-home owner and real estate investor Ben Wagner. “I used steel because of its strength and durability.”

You’ll also need material for wiring, insulation, plumbing, roofing, siding, and so on. Tiny House Society recommends using lightweight materials if you’re building on a trailer, and also encourages the use of recycled and repurposed materials. This will not only help you save money; it’s better for the environment, too!

Step 6: Lay the foundation or secure the trailer

It’s time to get started on the actual construction of your tiny house! You’ll either lay the foundation or secure the trailer to get the ball rolling. The Tiny Life has a comprehensive list of pros and cons of different foundation types for your tiny home if you’re still in the research phase.

Step 7: The floor

Flooring is an important part of any home’s aesthetic, comfort, and functionality. Keep in mind that tile or hardwood are easier to keep clean than carpeting, but it will likely cost more and add weight to your tiny house.

Step 8: Framing

This is an important step, because framing is when your tiny house will really start to take shape.

“I made sure to spend a lot of time framing the home and looking at the minutest of details,” says Wagner. “After all, I didn’t want to compromise the strength and structure of the house.”

If you’re looking for tips, The Tiny Life has a thorough guide — complete with videos — on how to frame your tiny house.

Step 9: The roof

No surprise that the roof of your tiny house is just as important as that which caps a single-family home! Whether you use asphalt or fiberglass shingles, a membrane roofing system, or a metal option, be sure the roof falls within your home’s budget and weight allowances.

Step 10: House wrap

House wrap is made of synthetic materials and is an important step in weatherproofing and otherwise protecting your tiny home. House wrap keeps moisture out while allowing air to flow — it’s nothing you’ll want to skip!

Step 11: Windows and doors

As key points of entry into your home, the windows and doors you select for your tiny house should be durable and energy-efficient. As with just about everything in the construction process, there are lots of options to choose from, so be mindful of your budget.

Step 12: Systems and insulation

This step is where all the bits and pieces of your home’s systems start coming together.

“After the framing and walls were done, my next step was to take care of the utilities,” Wagner explains. “So, I fixed the wiring, HVAC, insulation, plumbing, and any other required features. I could see the tiny home slowly come to life and couldn’t wait until it was completed!”

Step 13: Appliances

While your tiny house likely won’t be kitted out with the same array of appliances you’d choose for a traditional home, you’ll still need a stove, a refrigerator, and so on. Some tiny house owners even equip their home with a combination washer-dryer unit or dishwasher — there are lots of portable or otherwise smaller-than-you-might-think options available!

Step 14: Exterior finishes

The exterior of your tiny house deserves the same attention to curb appeal as any other home! Consider color scheme, trim, shutters, railing, and other details to make your tiny house uniquely yours.

Step 15: Interior finishes

This is the fun part! When your tiny house is nearly finished, you can think about those interior details. Paint colors, furniture, plants — the world (or at least your home) is your oyster.

Now, let’s dive into the real-world stories of six tiny house enthusiasts!

Case study 1: Do it yourself

Melanie Copeland, a tiny homeowner and advocate in Virginia, built her tiny home in seven days. That’s right — a complete home in a week! She’s been living in her tiny home along with her husband and two large dogs for two years now, and they appreciate the stress-free lifestyle that their DIY tiny home affords.

Copeland began her tiny home adventure by enrolling in a workshop led by Incredible Tiny Homes. She was required to assemble her own workforce of helpers and bring them along for seven days of intense building. At the end of the week, she left with a livable tiny house on wheels. Later, she added finishes that would help it feel like “home,” including a staircase and hammocks.

Because they live in a coastal state that is prone to hurricanes, Copeland and her husband decided it was best to keep their home mobile so that they could pack up and leave in case a storm hits. But the majority of the time, they are content to stay put on their own land. Copeland says she watched for what she calls “junk land” — meaning, a piece of property that nobody wanted. When she spotted a burned-down house on a wooded lot with a stream running through it, she knew it was the perfect spot for their tiny home.

Today Copeland is job-free by choice, enjoying the simplicity, peace, and lower cost of living that her tiny home provides. She’s the Virginia state chapter leader for the American Tiny House Association, where she now helps pave the way for others who wish to embrace the tiny home lifestyle. You can connect with her efforts at Serenitas Tiny Living.

The details

• 144 square feet on wheels
• $27,000 base build
• $33,000 after all finishes
• $98 per month mortgage for the land
• $20 to $30 per month for electricity

Case study 2: Anything is possible

Washington tiny homeowner Jessica Rienstra and her husband had their tiny home built in 2018. Although they contracted all the work out, they made their own design decisions; She says that customization is the key to making a tiny house work for you.

“You should prioritize what is important to you,” Rienstra explains. “Literally, if you want a crafting station, you can have one. If you want a gourmet kitchen, you can have one. If you want to host eight people, you can do that. Just take your time and think about your priorities before you even think about design.” When you’re building a tiny home, the customizations are really only limited by your imagination.

It all comes down to having a flexible and innovative builder. Rienstra says that their tiny home build went smoothly thanks to their builder, Tiny Idahomes, who helped anticipate problems and brainstorm solutions. They worked to incorporate everything on the Rienstras’ wishlist, including a jetted soaking tub and 3” spray foam insulation.

With so much attention to detail, the Rienstras and their cats have had no problem adjusting to the tiny home lifestyle. To maintain the necessary level of minimalism, the couple uses creative solutions, such as vacuum bags for winter coats. “Our rule of thumb is, if we can’t make it comfortably fit in our home, it doesn’t belong in our life.” For more on their tiny home adventure, follow along on Instagram: @tinytotravel.

The details

• 280 square feet on wheels
• $61,400 total spent (“We added a lot of upgrades!”)
• $489 per month in rent for land, currently (though in some places they negotiate a work swap)
• Pioneer mini-split for heating and cooling
• Appliances include washer/dryer combo, propane range, a refrigerator that’s standard-size in apartments

Case study 3: Financial freedom

Angela Harkins started her tiny home journey with a land purchase in Georgia when she was 25 years old. She intended to be a homeowner by the time she turned 30, and thanks to her tiny home, that dream is coming true.

Harkins purchased a used tiny home for “A heck of a hard-to-find deal,” had it moved to her property, and is currently in the process of renovating it for her needs. She’s on track to move in before her goal!

Like many tiny homeowners, Harkins was highly motivated by the financial freedom to be found in the tiny house lifestyle. As a group, tiny homeowners have 89% less credit card debt and 55% more savings than the average homeowner. Harkins obtained a loan for her two acres of undeveloped land, but the rest of her tiny home expenses have been completely out-of-pocket. With the help of family and friends, she’s done 100% of the work over time, so she is still free from housing debt.

Harkins says one of the biggest hurdles she’s had to overcome has been all the red tape of zoning, permits, and inspection. But with some creative thinking, she’s been able to work with her local building and development department to get things done. It’s important to speak to authorities about tiny home codes in your county, since laws vary greatly.

For Harkins, her choice to pursue tiny home living has really paid off. “Before I knew about tiny homes, I thought I would have what had become the standard at that point: 30 years of mortgage debt. Because I avoided that debt at an early age, it’s going to have a great and exponential effect on my financial freedom.”

The details

• 420 square feet total (360 originally, 60 added to meet local laundry room codes)
• $15,000 for land
• $3,750 for a used, stationary tiny home
• $1,500 to move the tiny home to different land
• ~$2,000 to date in supplies for repairs and upgrades
• Estimated $2,000 in additional repairs and upgrades to make it move-in ready
• $300 septic permit good for a year
• $3,000 septic installation
• $3,677.60 water meter and water line extension
• $2,000 estimate for installing power pole
• $1,000 for grading and gravel driveway with an additional $2,000 expected to create a circular driveway
• $100 on hardware to make the storage bed open/close easily and smoothly
• $200 mattress
• $350 leather recliner sofa
• Free washer and dryer
• $679 for an Eccotemp EL22i propane tankless water heater
• $72.99 battery backup for tankless water heater to provide hot water during power outages

Case study 4: Prioritize people

Wanda Glover’s main motivation in pursuing a tiny home was to live close to her family. Her 0.82-acre wooded lot is just two miles away from her daughter, and she’s lived in her stationary tiny home for more than two years now.

Glover’s stationary, custom-built home includes 10-foot ceilings, a full-size stove and oven, and a walk-in closet. Because she lives in South Carolina, she also had it built to Miami-Dade hurricane codes for safety. There’s even a porch swing — an addition insisted upon by Glover’s granddaughter — and a pull-out sofa for sleepovers.

The end goal of being near family helped Glover through quite a few setbacks in her tiny home build. Zoning, building, and permitting issues turned what should have been a two-month build into a process that took about a year and a half overall.

Glover cautions potential tiny home-builders, “Do your homework! Know exactly how many times you will need to have property surveyed. Each piece of land has rules beyond what the county says — research those. If there are easements, verify them upfront. Also, smaller builders do not have their own crews, so there will be a pause during each step.”

“Honestly, I probably could have bought an older home for what I spent,” Glover acknowledges — but she maintains that this is the right choice for her. She craved the cleanliness of a new build, she wanted something that was easy to maintain, and she didn’t want an HOA (homeowners association). Plus, being close to her loved ones is priceless!

The details

• 450 square feet (plus 200-square-foot screened porch)
• $30,000 for land
• $10,000 for architect
• $14,500 survey and engineering fees (including tree, soil, and elevation surveys, plus permits and school taxes)
• $6,500 water/sewer hookup
• $1,400 electricity hookup
• $8,000 to clear the land
• $92,000 for the builder
• $5,000 for appliances and finishes

Case study 5: Go bigger, if needed

“Living tiny has always appealed to me,” says Kelsey Rasmuson of Arizona. Her and her partner, Ryan Dailey, decided to embark on the adventure together. They located a plot of land and decided to jump in! Their home is under construction and should be completed soon.

After the land purchase, the couple looked into prefabricated home plans from Green R Panels. With the plans in hand, they realized they’d need to make some modifications.

For one thing, they had to add electrical, mechanical, and HVAC plans. They also discovered that for resale purposes in their area, it was best to have two bedrooms and two bathrooms, so they added on to the plans and went from there.

Rasmuson says that with these additions, the building process is taking longer than expected, but that they’re looking forward to the end product. The couple is doing a lot of the work themselves, though they have opted to contract professionals for concrete, plumbing, and electrical work.

“If you’re thinking of building, just go for it!” Rasmuson says. “It wasn’t as scary a leap as taking on a bigger endeavor.”

Though their home could be considered on the larger side of the tiny home scale, the couple looks forward to minimizing their possessions and leaving a smaller carbon footprint in their new dwelling.

The details

• 792 square feet
• 2 bedrooms
• 2 bathrooms
• $80,000 including house, land, and septic

Case study 6: A great investment

Finally, Maura Allard, a top real estate agent in Peabody, Massachusetts, invested in a 540-square-foot tiny home with the intention of renovating the property as a rental. Her seaside tiny home is steps from the water, and she knew that she’d have tenants clamoring to live in this cozy location.

After purchasing the home, she worked with a contractor to take down a wall, creating an open concept living space that works best for a tiny space. She made design choices that would optimize the square footage, such as a dual-purpose island, recessed lighting, stand-up shower, and additional cabinetry. The result was stunning, and she immediately had multiple applications for renters.

Young professionals and retirees seem to enjoy the privacy and pet-friendliness offered by tiny homes as opposed to apartments. In addition, tiny home vacation rentals not only make for a great investment strategy, but they also serve as a way for potential tiny homebuyers to “test drive” the living arrangements. Overall, the tiny home trend doesn’t seem to be going anywhere.

So is building a tiny home right for you? With so many different ways to go tiny, could you design a tiny home that fits all your needs? Perhaps the first step is meeting with a trusted, top-performing real estate agent in your area. The right agent can help you navigate land purchases, building loans, and more. Is it time for you to go tiny?

Header Image Source: (James Frid / Pexels)